![]() ![]() ![]() The thermal efficiency of a collector is defined as the ratio of the useful heat gain of the collector fluid versus the total incident solar radiation on the gross surface area of the collector. Likewise, the collector surface can shade other surfaces, for example, reducing the incident radiation on the roof beneath it. Shading of the collector by other surfaces, such as nearby buildings or trees, is also taken into account. Solar radiation incident on the surface includes beam and diffuse radiation, as well as radiation reflected from the ground and adjacent surfaces. The solar collector object uses a standard EnergyPlus surface in order to take advantage of the detailed solar and shading calculations. This model applies to glazed and unglazed flat-plate collectors, as well as banks of tubular, i.e. ![]() The EnergyPlus model is based on the equations found in the ASHRAE standards and Duffie and Beckman (1991). Standards have been established by ASHRAE for the performance testing of these collectors (ASHRAE 1989 1991) and the Solar Rating and Certification Corporation (SRCC) publishes a directory of commercially available collectors in North America (SRCC 2003). The input object SolarCollector:FlatPlate:Water provides a model for flat-plate solar collectors that are the most common type of collector. Flat-plate solar collectors using water as the heat transfer fluid, Integral-Collector Storage solar collectors using water and unglazed transpired solar collectors using air are currently the only types of collector available in EnergyPlus. The fluid can then be used to heat water for domestic hot water usage or space heating. Solar collectors are devices that convert solar energy into thermal energy by raising the temperature of a circulating heat transfer fluid. ![]()
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